Hospital outcomes of interstitial lung disease with pulmonary hypertension patients versus pulmonary hypertension alone: results from the national inpatient sample (2016-2021)

Masood Azhar; Dorsa L Majdpour; Sergio Enrique Mesa; Muni B Rubens; Sandra Chaparro; Anshul Saxena; Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy; Mukesh Roy; Javier Jimenez

doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2025.11.008

Hospital outcomes of interstitial lung disease with pulmonary hypertension patients versus pulmonary hypertension alone: results from the national inpatient sample (2016-2021)

Masood Azhar
, Dorsa L Majdpour
, Sergio Enrique Mesa
, Muni B Rubens
, Sandra Chaparro
, Anshul Saxena
, Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy
, Mukesh Roy
, Javier Jimenez

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Coexisting interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) often results in poor outcomes.

OBJECTIVES: This study examines differences in US national hospitalization trends and outcomes between ILD with PH and PH alone using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis (2016-2021) of the NIS database identifying admissions of patients ≥18 years with PH-ILD and PH using ICD-10 codes. Main outcomes included in-hospital mortality rate, non-home discharge, prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS), mechanical ventilation, and vasopressor use. Logistic regression models evaluated predictors of adverse outcomes.

RESULTS: A total of 6789 PH-ILD, and 11,863 PH admissions were analyzed. PH-ILD hospitalizations remained stable (3.2/100,000), while PH hospitalizations increased slightly (5.2 to 5.4/100,000). The adverse outcomes such as mortality rate (3.2 % versus 2.9 %, P < 0.001), disposition other than home (51.6 % versus 50.9 %, P < 0.001), prolonged hospital LOS (19.5 % versus 17.1 %, P < 0.001), mechanical ventilation (73 % versus 57.1 %, P < 0.001), and vasopressor use (57.4 % versus 41.8 %, P < 0.001) were significantly higher among those with PH-ILD, compared to PH. Logistics regression showed that PH-ILD admissions had significantly higher odds for mortality rate (aOR, 1.92, 95 % CI: 1.72-2.15, P < 0.001), disposition other than home (aOR, 1.71, 95 % CI: 1.41-1.98, P < 0.001), prolonged hospital LOS (aOR, 1.51, 95 % CI: 1.29-1.62, P < 0.001), mechanical ventilation (aOR, 2.01, 95 % CI: 1.79-2.38, P < 0.001), and vasopressor use (aOR, 1.87, 95 % CI: 1.66-2.09, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION: In-hospital adverse outcomes were higher in hospitalizations with concomitant PH-ILD. This highlights the need to risk stratify patients with concomitant ILD and PH during any hospitalization.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	55-59
Number of pages	5
Journal	Heart and Lung: Journal of Acute and Critical Care
Volume	76
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2025.11.008
State	E-pub ahead of print - Nov 21 2025

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10.1016/j.hrtlng.2025.11.008

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Azhar, M., Majdpour, D. L., Mesa, S. E., Rubens, M. B., Chaparro, S., Saxena, A., Ramamoorthy, V., Roy, M., & Jimenez, J. (2025). Hospital outcomes of interstitial lung disease with pulmonary hypertension patients versus pulmonary hypertension alone: results from the national inpatient sample (2016-2021). Heart and Lung: Journal of Acute and Critical Care, 76, 55-59. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2025.11.008

Hospital outcomes of interstitial lung disease with pulmonary hypertension patients versus pulmonary hypertension alone: results from the national inpatient sample (2016-2021). / Azhar, Masood; Majdpour, Dorsa L; Mesa, Sergio Enrique et al.
In: Heart and Lung: Journal of Acute and Critical Care, Vol. 76, 21.11.2025, p. 55-59.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Azhar, M, Majdpour, DL, Mesa, SE, Rubens, MB, Chaparro, S, Saxena, A, Ramamoorthy, V, Roy, M & Jimenez, J 2025, 'Hospital outcomes of interstitial lung disease with pulmonary hypertension patients versus pulmonary hypertension alone: results from the national inpatient sample (2016-2021)', Heart and Lung: Journal of Acute and Critical Care, vol. 76, pp. 55-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2025.11.008

Azhar M, Majdpour DL, Mesa SE, Rubens MB, Chaparro S, Saxena A et al. Hospital outcomes of interstitial lung disease with pulmonary hypertension patients versus pulmonary hypertension alone: results from the national inpatient sample (2016-2021). Heart and Lung: Journal of Acute and Critical Care. 2025 Nov 21;76:55-59. Epub 2025 Nov 21. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2025.11.008

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title = "Hospital outcomes of interstitial lung disease with pulmonary hypertension patients versus pulmonary hypertension alone: results from the national inpatient sample (2016-2021)",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Coexisting interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) often results in poor outcomes.OBJECTIVES: This study examines differences in US national hospitalization trends and outcomes between ILD with PH and PH alone using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis (2016-2021) of the NIS database identifying admissions of patients ≥18 years with PH-ILD and PH using ICD-10 codes. Main outcomes included in-hospital mortality rate, non-home discharge, prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS), mechanical ventilation, and vasopressor use. Logistic regression models evaluated predictors of adverse outcomes.RESULTS: A total of 6789 PH-ILD, and 11,863 PH admissions were analyzed. PH-ILD hospitalizations remained stable (3.2/100,000), while PH hospitalizations increased slightly (5.2 to 5.4/100,000). The adverse outcomes such as mortality rate (3.2 \% versus 2.9 \%, P < 0.001), disposition other than home (51.6 \% versus 50.9 \%, P < 0.001), prolonged hospital LOS (19.5 \% versus 17.1 \%, P < 0.001), mechanical ventilation (73 \% versus 57.1 \%, P < 0.001), and vasopressor use (57.4 \% versus 41.8 \%, P < 0.001) were significantly higher among those with PH-ILD, compared to PH. Logistics regression showed that PH-ILD admissions had significantly higher odds for mortality rate (aOR, 1.92, 95 \% CI: 1.72-2.15, P < 0.001), disposition other than home (aOR, 1.71, 95 \% CI: 1.41-1.98, P < 0.001), prolonged hospital LOS (aOR, 1.51, 95 \% CI: 1.29-1.62, P < 0.001), mechanical ventilation (aOR, 2.01, 95 \% CI: 1.79-2.38, P < 0.001), and vasopressor use (aOR, 1.87, 95 \% CI: 1.66-2.09, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: In-hospital adverse outcomes were higher in hospitalizations with concomitant PH-ILD. This highlights the need to risk stratify patients with concomitant ILD and PH during any hospitalization.",

author = "Masood Azhar and Majdpour, \{Dorsa L\} and Mesa, \{Sergio Enrique\} and Rubens, \{Muni B\} and Sandra Chaparro and Anshul Saxena and Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy and Mukesh Roy and Javier Jimenez",

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doi = "10.1016/j.hrtlng.2025.11.008",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Hospital outcomes of interstitial lung disease with pulmonary hypertension patients versus pulmonary hypertension alone

T2 - results from the national inpatient sample (2016-2021)

AU - Azhar, Masood

AU - Majdpour, Dorsa L

AU - Mesa, Sergio Enrique

AU - Rubens, Muni B

AU - Chaparro, Sandra

AU - Saxena, Anshul

AU - Ramamoorthy, Venkataraghavan

AU - Roy, Mukesh

AU - Jimenez, Javier

PY - 2025/11/21

Y1 - 2025/11/21

N2 - BACKGROUND: Coexisting interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) often results in poor outcomes.OBJECTIVES: This study examines differences in US national hospitalization trends and outcomes between ILD with PH and PH alone using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis (2016-2021) of the NIS database identifying admissions of patients ≥18 years with PH-ILD and PH using ICD-10 codes. Main outcomes included in-hospital mortality rate, non-home discharge, prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS), mechanical ventilation, and vasopressor use. Logistic regression models evaluated predictors of adverse outcomes.RESULTS: A total of 6789 PH-ILD, and 11,863 PH admissions were analyzed. PH-ILD hospitalizations remained stable (3.2/100,000), while PH hospitalizations increased slightly (5.2 to 5.4/100,000). The adverse outcomes such as mortality rate (3.2 % versus 2.9 %, P < 0.001), disposition other than home (51.6 % versus 50.9 %, P < 0.001), prolonged hospital LOS (19.5 % versus 17.1 %, P < 0.001), mechanical ventilation (73 % versus 57.1 %, P < 0.001), and vasopressor use (57.4 % versus 41.8 %, P < 0.001) were significantly higher among those with PH-ILD, compared to PH. Logistics regression showed that PH-ILD admissions had significantly higher odds for mortality rate (aOR, 1.92, 95 % CI: 1.72-2.15, P < 0.001), disposition other than home (aOR, 1.71, 95 % CI: 1.41-1.98, P < 0.001), prolonged hospital LOS (aOR, 1.51, 95 % CI: 1.29-1.62, P < 0.001), mechanical ventilation (aOR, 2.01, 95 % CI: 1.79-2.38, P < 0.001), and vasopressor use (aOR, 1.87, 95 % CI: 1.66-2.09, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: In-hospital adverse outcomes were higher in hospitalizations with concomitant PH-ILD. This highlights the need to risk stratify patients with concomitant ILD and PH during any hospitalization.

AB - BACKGROUND: Coexisting interstitial lung disease (ILD) and pulmonary hypertension (PH) often results in poor outcomes.OBJECTIVES: This study examines differences in US national hospitalization trends and outcomes between ILD with PH and PH alone using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database.METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis (2016-2021) of the NIS database identifying admissions of patients ≥18 years with PH-ILD and PH using ICD-10 codes. Main outcomes included in-hospital mortality rate, non-home discharge, prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS), mechanical ventilation, and vasopressor use. Logistic regression models evaluated predictors of adverse outcomes.RESULTS: A total of 6789 PH-ILD, and 11,863 PH admissions were analyzed. PH-ILD hospitalizations remained stable (3.2/100,000), while PH hospitalizations increased slightly (5.2 to 5.4/100,000). The adverse outcomes such as mortality rate (3.2 % versus 2.9 %, P < 0.001), disposition other than home (51.6 % versus 50.9 %, P < 0.001), prolonged hospital LOS (19.5 % versus 17.1 %, P < 0.001), mechanical ventilation (73 % versus 57.1 %, P < 0.001), and vasopressor use (57.4 % versus 41.8 %, P < 0.001) were significantly higher among those with PH-ILD, compared to PH. Logistics regression showed that PH-ILD admissions had significantly higher odds for mortality rate (aOR, 1.92, 95 % CI: 1.72-2.15, P < 0.001), disposition other than home (aOR, 1.71, 95 % CI: 1.41-1.98, P < 0.001), prolonged hospital LOS (aOR, 1.51, 95 % CI: 1.29-1.62, P < 0.001), mechanical ventilation (aOR, 2.01, 95 % CI: 1.79-2.38, P < 0.001), and vasopressor use (aOR, 1.87, 95 % CI: 1.66-2.09, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: In-hospital adverse outcomes were higher in hospitalizations with concomitant PH-ILD. This highlights the need to risk stratify patients with concomitant ILD and PH during any hospitalization.

U2 - 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2025.11.008

DO - 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2025.11.008

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JO - Heart and Lung: Journal of Acute and Critical Care

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